Oracle Database 19c Installation On Oracle Linux 8 (OL8)
Oracle database 19c is supported on Oracle Linux 8, but you must be running on UEK6 and database version 19.7. The installation will work without the patches, but it will not be supported without them.
This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 19c 64-bit on Oracle Linux 8 (OL8) 64-bit. The article is based on a server installation with a minimum of 2G swap and secure Linux set to permissive. An example of this type of Linux installation can be seen here here.
- Download Software
- Hosts File
- Oracle Installation Prerequisites
- Installation
- Patch Installation (Optional)
- Database Creation
- Post Installation
Related articles.
- Oracle Universal Installations (OUI) Silent Installations
- Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) : Creating Databases in Silent Mode
Download Software
Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.
- OTN: Oracle Database 19c (19.3) Software (64-bit)
- edelivery: Oracle Database 19c (19.3) Software (64-bit)
Hosts File
The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>
For example.
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 192.168.56.107 ol8-19.localdomain ol8-19
Set the correct hostname in the "/etc/hostname" file.
ol8-19.localdomain
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic prerequisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.
Automatic Setup
If you plan to use the "oracle-database-preinstall-19c" package to perform all your prerequisite setup, issue the following command.
# dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c
It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speaking necessary.
# dnf update -y
It's worth running the all the DNF commands listed in the manual setup section. Depending on the OS package groups you have selected, some additional packages might also be needed.
If you are using RHEL8 or CentOS8, you can pick up the RPM from the OL8 repository and install it. It will pull the dependencies from your normal repositories.
curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm dnf -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-2.el8.x86_64.rpm
Manual Setup
If you have not used the "oracle-database-preinstall-19c" package to perform all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup tasks.
Add the following lines to the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file, or in a file called "/etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf".
fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.panic_on_oops = 1 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Run one of the following commands to change the current kernel parameters, depending on which file you edited.
/sbin/sysctl -p # Or /sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/98-oracle.conf
Add the following lines to a file called "/etc/security/limits.d/oracle-database-preinstall-19c.conf" file.
oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 16384 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768 oracle hard memlock 134217728 oracle soft memlock 134217728
The following packages are listed as required. Don't worry if some don't install. It won't prevent the installation.
dnf install -y bc dnf install -y binutils #dnf install -y compat-libcap1 dnf install -y compat-libstdc++-33 #dnf install -y dtrace-modules #dnf install -y dtrace-modules-headers #dnf install -y dtrace-modules-provider-headers #dnf install -y dtrace-utils dnf install -y elfutils-libelf dnf install -y elfutils-libelf-devel dnf install -y fontconfig-devel dnf install -y glibc dnf install -y glibc-devel dnf install -y ksh dnf install -y libaio dnf install -y libaio-devel #dnf install -y libdtrace-ctf-devel dnf install -y libXrender dnf install -y libXrender-devel dnf install -y libX11 dnf install -y libXau dnf install -y libXi dnf install -y libXtst dnf install -y libgcc dnf install -y librdmacm-devel dnf install -y libstdc++ dnf install -y libstdc++-devel dnf install -y libxcb dnf install -y make dnf install -y net-tools # Clusterware dnf install -y nfs-utils # ACFS dnf install -y python # ACFS dnf install -y python-configshell # ACFS dnf install -y python-rtslib # ACFS dnf install -y python-six # ACFS dnf install -y targetcli # ACFS dnf install -y smartmontools dnf install -y sysstat # Added by me. dnf install -y gcc dnf install -y unixODBC # New for OL8 dnf install -y libnsl dnf install -y libnsl.i686 dnf install -y libnsl2 dnf install -y libnsl2.i686
Create the new groups and users.
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall groupadd -g 54322 dba groupadd -g 54323 oper #groupadd -g 54324 backupdba #groupadd -g 54325 dgdba #groupadd -g 54326 kmdba #groupadd -g 54327 asmdba #groupadd -g 54328 asmoper #groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin #groupadd -g 54330 racdba useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
Uncomment the extra groups you require.
Additional Setup
Set the password for the "oracle" user.
passwd oracle
Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
SELINUX=permissive
Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.
# setenforce Permissive
If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it, as shown here. To disable it, do the following.
# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld
If you are not using Oracle Linux and UEK, you will need to manually disable transparent huge pages.
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 mkdir -p /u02/oradata chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02 chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02
Putting mount points directly under root without mounting separate disks to them is typically a bad idea. It's done here for simplicity, but for a real installation "/" storage should be reserved for the OS.
Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root and issue the following command.
xhost +<machine-name>
The scripts are created using the cat command, with all the "$" characters escaped. If you want to manually create these files, rather than using the cat command, remember to remove the "\" characters before the "$" characters.
Create a "scripts" directory.
mkdir /home/oracle/scripts
Create an environment file called "setEnv.sh". The "$" characters are escaped using "\". If you are not creating the file with the cat command, you will need to remove the escape characters.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh <<EOF # Oracle Settings export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=\$TMP export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol8-19.localdomain export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1 export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory export ORACLE_SID=cdb1 export PDB_NAME=pdb1 export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:\$PATH export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:\$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib EOF
Add a reference to the "setEnv.sh" file at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.
echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
Create a "start_all.sh" and "stop_all.sh" script that can be called from a startup/shutdown service. Make sure the ownership and permissions are correct.
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/start_all.sh <<EOF #!/bin/bash . /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh export ORAENV_ASK=NO . oraenv export ORAENV_ASK=YES dbstart \$ORACLE_HOME EOF cat > /home/oracle/scripts/stop_all.sh <<EOF #!/bin/bash . /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh export ORAENV_ASK=NO . oraenv export ORAENV_ASK=YES dbshut \$ORACLE_HOME EOF chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/scripts chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/*.sh
Once the installation is complete and you've edited the "/etc/oratab", you should be able to start/stop the database with the following scripts run from the "oracle" user.
~/scripts/start_all.sh ~/scripts/stop_all.sh
You can see how to create a Linux service to automatically start/stop the database here.
Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY environmental variable.
DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY
Switch to the ORACLE_HOME directory, unzip the software directly into this path and start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing one of the following commands in the ORACLE_HOME directory. The interactive mode will display GUI installer screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will install the software without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.
# Unzip software.
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip -oq /path/to/software/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip
# Fake Oracle Linux 7.
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OEL7.6
# Interactive mode.
./runInstaller
# Silent mode.
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=trueRun the root scripts when prompted.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.shYou can read more about silent installations here.
You are now ready to create a database, but it's better to patch the installation first if you have access to Oracle Support.
Patch Installation (Optional)
The installation of 19.3 will work without applying the patches. If you don't have access to the patches and are just doing the installation for a test system, you can proceed without this step.
For the installation to be supported you need to be on patch level 19.7 (April 2020) or later. To get the patches you need to have a valid Oracle Support CSI so you can download them from Oracle Support. This is an example of applying the 19.7 patch to a clean standalone installation without ASM and before a database is created.
export SOFTWARE_DIR=/u01/software
export PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/OPatch:${PATH}
export OPATCH_FILE="p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip"
export PATCH_FILE="p30783543_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip"
export PATCH_TOP=${SOFTWARE_DIR}/30783543
export PATCH_PATH1=${PATCH_TOP}/30869156
export PATCH_PATH2=${PATCH_TOP}/30805684
# Prepare opatch.
cd ${ORACLE_HOME}
unzip -oq ${SOFTWARE_DIR}/${OPATCH_FILE}
# Unzip software.
cd ${SOFTWARE_DIR}
unzip -oq ${PATCH_FILE}
cd ${PATCH_PATH1}
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
opatch apply -silent
cd ${PATCH_PATH2}
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph ./
opatch apply -silentFor patches on real systems, always read the patch notes.
Database Creation
You create a database using the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA). The interactive mode will display GUI screens to allow user input, while the silent mode will create the database without displaying any screens, as all required options are already specified on the command line.
# Start the listener.
lsnrctl start
# Interactive mode.
dbca
# Silent mode.
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname ${ORACLE_SID} -sid ${ORACLE_SID} -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword SysPassword1 \
-systemPassword SysPassword1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName ${PDB_NAME} \
-pdbAdminPassword PdbPassword1 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-memoryMgmtType auto_sga \
-totalMemory 2000 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "${DATA_DIR}" \
-redoLogFileSize 50 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqsYou can read more about silent database creation here.
Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1:Y
Enable Oracle Managed Files (OMF) and make sure the PDB starts when the instance starts.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
alter system set db_create_file_dest='${DATA_DIR}';
alter pluggable database ${PDB_NAME} save state;
exit;
EOFFor more information see:
- Oracle Database 19c : Installation Guide for Linux
- Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
- Oracle Universal Installations (OUI) Silent Installations
- Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) : Creating Databases in Silent Mode
Hope this helps. Regards Tim...
