Thursday, January 5, 2023

 

Upgrading to Oracle Database 19c (Non-CDB) - 11g to 19c

This article provides an overview of upgrading an existing non-CDB database to Oracle 19c. Upgrades can be very complicated, so you must always read the upgrade manual, and test thoroughly before considering an upgrade of a production environment.

This article also includes the conversion of the upgraded database to a pluggable database. You don't have to do this step if you want a non-CDB instance.

Remember, 19c is essentially 12.2.0.3, so the possible upgrade options will be similar to those described in upgrading to Oracle Database 12c.

Related articles.

Assumptions

This article is focused on upgrading a non-CDB database. If your starting point is a database using the multitenant architecture, you should be reading one of the following articles instead.

This article assumes your source database is of a version supported for direct upgrade to 19c.

11.2.0.4, 12.1.0.2, 12.2.0.1, 18

In this example we are doing an upgrade from 11.2 to 19c. The process is very similar for all supported versions, but the pre-upgrade and post-upgrade fixup actions may vary a little.

It's important to have backups of everything before you start! Some of these steps are destructive, and if something goes wrong you have no alternative but to restore from backups and start again.

Remember, this article is not a replacement for reading the upgrade documentation. Each upgrade has the potential to be different, depending on what options are installed.

Prerequisities

Make sure you have all the OS prerequisites in place by running the 19c preinstall package. On Oracle Linux you can do this by installing the preinstall package. It probably makes sense to update the remaining packages also.

yum install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c
yum update -y

Install 19c Software

You can read about the installation process in more detail here, but for this example I'll keep it brief. The following commands will perform a silent installation of the 19c software.

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export SOFTWARE_DIR=/u01/software
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory

mkdir -p ${ORACLE_HOME}
cd $ORACLE_HOME

/bin/unzip -oq ${SOFTWARE_DIR}/LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip

./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent                        \
    -responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp               \
    oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY                                    \
    ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME}                                         \
    UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall                                                   \
    INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY}                                        \
    SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB                                                \
    ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME}                                                 \
    ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE}                                                 \
    oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE                                        \
    oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba                                          \
    oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba                                    \
    oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba                                        \
    oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba                                        \
    oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba                                       \
    SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false                                 \
    DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

Run the root scripts when prompted.

As a root user, execute the following script(s):
        1. /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

At this point you should also patch the new Oracle home, but in this case we will forgo that step to keep things simple.

Run preupgrade.jar

Download the latest "preupgrade.jar" file from MOS 884522.1. If you don't have MOS access you can miss out the next step.

 At the time of writing, the latest preupgrade.jar is the one shipped with 19c, so there is no need to download a newer one. I's worth checking to see if this situation has changed when you do your upgrade.

Put the latest "preupgrade.jar" into the 19c Oracle home.

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
unzip -o /u01/software/preupgrade_19_cbuild_??_lf.zip

Make sure you are using the original Oracle home and run the "preupgrade.jar".

export ORACLE_SID=db11g
export ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
export ORAENV_ASK=YES

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0.4/db_1

$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/preupgrade.jar TERMINAL TEXT

Here is the output from an example run against an 11.2 database.

$ $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/jdk/bin/java -jar $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/preupgrade.jar TERMINAL TEXT
Report generated by Oracle Database Pre-Upgrade Information Tool Version
19.0.0.0.0 Build: 1 on 2019-02-27T18:57:23

Upgrade-To version: 19.0.0.0.0

=======================================
Status of the database prior to upgrade
=======================================
      Database Name:  DB11G
     Container Name:  Not Applicable in Pre-12.1 database
       Container ID:  Not Applicable in Pre-12.1 database
            Version:  11.2.0.4.0
     DB Patch Level:  No Patch Bundle applied
         Compatible:  11.2.0.4.0
          Blocksize:  8192
           Platform:  Linux x86 64-bit
      Timezone File:  14
  Database log mode:  NOARCHIVELOG
           Readonly:  FALSE
            Edition:  EE

  Oracle Component                       Upgrade Action    Current Status
  ----------------                       --------------    --------------
  Oracle Server                          [to be upgraded]  VALID
  JServer JAVA Virtual Machine           [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle XDK for Java                    [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Workspace Manager               [to be upgraded]  VALID
  OLAP Analytic Workspace                [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Enterprise Manager Repository   [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Text                            [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle XML Database                    [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Java Packages                   [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Multimedia                      [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle Spatial                         [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Expression Filter                      [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Rule Manager                           [to be upgraded]  VALID
  Oracle OLAP API                        [to be upgraded]  VALID

==============
BEFORE UPGRADE
==============

  REQUIRED ACTIONS
  ================
  None

  RECOMMENDED ACTIONS
  ===================
  1.  Update NUMERIC INITIALIZATION PARAMETERS to meet estimated minimums.
      This action may be done now or when starting the database in upgrade mode
      using the 19 ORACLE HOME.

       Parameter                                 Currently  19 minimum
       ---------                                 ---------  ------------------
       processes                                       150                 300

      The database upgrade process requires certain initialization parameters
      to meet minimum values.  The Oracle upgrade process itself has minimum
      values which may be higher and are marked with an asterisk.  After
      upgrading, those asterisked parameter values may be reset if needed.

  2.  Remove the EM repository.

      - Copy the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql script from the target
      19 ORACLE_HOME into the source 11.2.0.4.0 ORACLE_HOME.

      Step 1: If database control is configured, stop EM Database Control,
      using the following command

        $> emctl stop dbconsole

      Step 2: Connect to the database using the SYS account AS SYSDBA

        SET ECHO ON;
        SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
        @emremove.sql

      Without the set echo and serveroutput commands, you will not be able to
      follow the progress of the script.

      The database has an Enterprise Manager Database Control repository.

      Starting with Oracle Database 12c, the local Enterprise Manager Database
      Control does not exist anymore. The repository will be removed from your
      database during the upgrade.  This step can be manually performed before
      the upgrade to reduce downtime.

  3.  Remove OLAP Catalog by running the 11.2.0.4.0 SQL script
      $ORACLE_HOME/olap/admin/catnoamd.sql script.

      The OLAP Catalog component, AMD, exists in the database.

      Starting with Oracle Database 12c, the OLAP Catalog (OLAP AMD) is
      desupported and will be automatically marked as OPTION OFF during the
      database upgrade if present. Oracle recommends removing OLAP Catalog
      (OLAP AMD) before database upgrade.  This step can be manually performed
      before the upgrade to reduce downtime.

  4.  Upgrade Oracle Application Express (APEX) manually before the database
      upgrade.

      The database contains APEX version 3.2.1.00.12. Upgrade APEX to at least
      version 18.2.0.00.12.

      Starting with Oracle Database Release 18, APEX is not upgraded
      automatically as part of the database upgrade. Refer to My Oracle Support
      Note 1088970.1 for information about APEX installation and upgrades.

  5.  (AUTOFIXUP) Gather stale data dictionary statistics prior to database
      upgrade in off-peak time using:

        EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;

      Dictionary statistics do not exist or are stale (not up-to-date).

      Dictionary statistics help the Oracle optimizer find efficient SQL
      execution plans and are essential for proper upgrade timing. Oracle
      recommends gathering dictionary statistics in the last 24 hours before
      database upgrade.

      For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
      Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

  6.  (AUTOFIXUP) Directly grant ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER privilege to the
      owner of the trigger or drop and re-create the trigger with a user that
      was granted directly with such. You can list those triggers using: SELECT
      OWNER, TRIGGER_NAME FROM DBA_TRIGGERS WHERE
      TRIM(BASE_OBJECT_TYPE)='DATABASE' AND OWNER NOT IN (SELECT GRANTEE FROM
      DBA_SYS_PRIVS WHERE PRIVILEGE='ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER').

      There is one or more database triggers whose owner does not have the
      right privilege on the database.

      The creation of database triggers must be done by users granted with
      ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER privilege. Privilege must have been granted
      directly.

  7.  (AUTOFIXUP) Gather statistics on fixed objects prior the upgrade.

      None of the fixed object tables have had stats collected.

      Gathering statistics on fixed objects, if none have been gathered yet, is
      recommended prior to upgrading.

      For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
      Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

  INFORMATION ONLY
  ================
  8.  To help you keep track of your tablespace allocations, the following
      AUTOEXTEND tablespaces are expected to successfully EXTEND during the
      upgrade process.

                                                 Min Size
      Tablespace                        Size     For Upgrade
      ----------                     ----------  -----------
      SYSAUX                             490 MB       738 MB
      SYSTEM                             740 MB      1175 MB
      TEMP                                29 MB       150 MB
      UNDOTBS1                            70 MB       446 MB

      Minimum tablespace sizes for upgrade are estimates.

  9.  Run $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catnoexf.sql located in the new Oracle
      Database Oracle home to remove both EXF and RUL.

      Expression Filter (EXF) or Rules Manager (RUL) exist in the database.

      Starting with Oracle Database release 12.1, the Expression Filter (EXF)
      and Database Rules Manager (RUL) features are desupported, and are
      removed during the upgrade process.  This step can be manually performed
      before the upgrade to reduce downtime.

  10. Check the Oracle Backup and Recovery User's Guide for information on how
      to manage an RMAN recovery catalog schema.

      If you are using a version of the recovery catalog schema that is older
      than that required by the RMAN client version, then you must upgrade the
      catalog schema.

      It is good practice to have the catalog schema the same or higher version
      than the RMAN client version you are using.

  ORACLE GENERATED FIXUP SCRIPT
  =============================
  All of the issues in database DB11G
  which are identified above as BEFORE UPGRADE "(AUTOFIXUP)" can be resolved by
  executing the following

    SQL>@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql

=============
AFTER UPGRADE
=============

  REQUIRED ACTIONS
  ================
  None

  RECOMMENDED ACTIONS
  ===================
  11. Upgrade the database time zone file using the DBMS_DST package.

      The database is using time zone file version 14 and the target 19 release
      ships with time zone file version 32.

      Oracle recommends upgrading to the desired (latest) version of the time
      zone file.  For more information, refer to "Upgrading the Time Zone File
      and Timestamp with Time Zone Data" in the 19 Oracle Database
      Globalization Support Guide.

  12. To identify directory objects with symbolic links in the path name, run
      $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utldirsymlink.sql AS SYSDBA after upgrade.
      Recreate any directory objects listed, using path names that contain no
      symbolic links.

      Some directory object path names may currently contain symbolic links.

      Starting in Release 18c, symbolic links are not allowed in directory
      object path names used with BFILE data types, the UTL_FILE package, or
      external tables.

  13. (AUTOFIXUP) Gather dictionary statistics after the upgrade using the
      command:

        EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;

      Oracle recommends gathering dictionary statistics after upgrade.

      Dictionary statistics provide essential information to the Oracle
      optimizer to help it find efficient SQL execution plans. After a database
      upgrade, statistics need to be re-gathered as there can now be tables
      that have significantly changed during the upgrade or new tables that do
      not have statistics gathered yet.

  14. Gather statistics on fixed objects after the upgrade and when there is a
      representative workload on the system using the command:

        EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_FIXED_OBJECTS_STATS;

      This recommendation is given for all preupgrade runs.

      Fixed object statistics provide essential information to the Oracle
      optimizer to help it find efficient SQL execution plans.  Those
      statistics are specific to the Oracle Database release that generates
      them, and can be stale upon database upgrade.

      For information on managing optimizer statistics, refer to the 11.2.0.4
      Oracle Database Performance Tuning Guide.

  INFORMATION ONLY
  ================
  15. Check the Oracle documentation for the identified components for their
      specific upgrade procedure.

      The database upgrade script will not upgrade the following Oracle
      components:  OLAP Catalog,OWB

      The Oracle database upgrade script upgrades most, but not all Oracle
      Database components that may be installed.  Some components that are not
      upgraded may have their own upgrade scripts, or they may be deprecated or
      obsolete.

  ORACLE GENERATED FIXUP SCRIPT
  =============================
  All of the issues in database DB11G
  which are identified above as AFTER UPGRADE "(AUTOFIXUP)" can be resolved by
  executing the following

    SQL>@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql


==================
PREUPGRADE SUMMARY
==================
  /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/preupgrade.log
  /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
  /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql

Execute fixup scripts as indicated below:

Before upgrade:

Log into the database and execute the preupgrade fixups
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql

After the upgrade:

Log into the database and execute the postupgrade fixups
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql

Preupgrade complete: 2019-02-27T18:57:24
$

Perform Pre-Upgrade Actions

The output from the "preupgrade.jar" lists a number of pre-upgrade recommendations. Some must be manually applied. Others are incorporated into the "preupgrade_fixups.sql" script. In the following example we run all the manual operations as well as the "preupgrade_fixups.sql" script.

# 1) Increase the processes parameter.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
alter system set processes=300 scope=spfile;
shutdown immediate;
startup;
exit;
EOF

# 2) Remove EM DB Console config.
cp $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
SET ECHO ON;
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/emremove.sql
exit;
EOF

# 3) Remove OLAP catalog.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
@$ORACLE_HOME/olap/admin/catnoamd.sql
exit;
EOF

# 4) Ignoring the APEX upgrade. This is a junk test instance. Normally APEX would be at latest version.
# 5) Included in AUTOFIXUP.
# 6) This will be unnecessary after removal of EM repository above.
# 7) Included in AUTOFIXUP.

# Recompile invalid objects.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
EXECUTE DBMS_PREUP.INVALID_OBJECTS;
exit;
EOF

# Run preupgrade-fixups.sql script.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/preupgrade_fixups.sql
exit;
EOF

Upgrade the Database

With the pre-upgrade actions complete we can start the upgrade. Shutdown the source database.

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
shutdown immediate;
exit;
EOF

Copy the config files from the old to the new Oracle home. You should check the contents of the "listener.ora" file to see if there are any references to the Oracle home path. If there are, amend them.

cp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin

# Add this to $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
# Need to correct password versions and remove this.
cat >> $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora <<EOF
# This should be temporary while you deal with old passwords.
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=11
EOF

cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdb11g $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/
cp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfiledb11g.ora $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/

Switch to the 19c listener.

lsnrctl stop

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:$PATH

lsnrctl start

Start the database using the 19c Oracle home, ready for the upgrade.

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup upgrade;
exit;
EOF

You can run the upgrade using either of the following commands. The second is actually just a shorthand for the former.

# Regular upgrade command.
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl catctl.pl catupgrd.sql

# Shorthand command.
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbupgrade

Here is the output from an example run against an 11.2 database.

$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbupgrade

Argument list for [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/catctl.pl]
For Oracle internal use only A = 0
Run in                       c = 0
Do not run in                C = 0
Input Directory              d = 0
Echo OFF                     e = 1
Simulate                     E = 0
Forced cleanup               F = 0
Log Id                       i = 0
Child Process                I = 0
Log Dir                      l = 0
Priority List Name           L = 0
Upgrade Mode active          M = 0
SQL Process Count            n = 0
SQL PDB Process Count        N = 0
Open Mode Normal             o = 0
Start Phase                  p = 0
End Phase                    P = 0
Reverse Order                r = 0
AutoUpgrade Resume           R = 0
Script                       s = 0
Serial Run                   S = 0
RO User Tablespaces          T = 0
Display Phases               y = 0
Debug catcon.pm              z = 0
Debug catctl.pl              Z = 0

catctl.pl VERSION: [19.0.0.0.0]
           STATUS: [Production]
            BUILD: [RDBMS_19.2.0.0.0_LINUX.X64_190204]


/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/orahome = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1]
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/bin/orabasehome = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1]
catctlGetOraBaseLogDir = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1]

Analyzing file /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql

Log file directory = [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190227131211]

catcon::set_log_file_base_path: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190227131211/catupgrd_catcon_32060.lst]

catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190227131211/catupgrd*.log] files for output generated by scripts

catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/tmp/cfgtoollogs/upgrade20190227131211/catupgrd_*.lst] files for spool files, if any


Number of Cpus        = 2
Database Name         = db11g
DataBase Version      = 11.2.0.4.0
catcon::set_log_file_base_path: ALL catcon-related output will be written to [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213/catupgrd_catcon_32060.lst]

catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213/catupgrd*.log] files for output generated by scripts

catcon::set_log_file_base_path: catcon: See [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213/catupgrd_*.lst] files for spool files, if any


Log file directory = [/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213]

Components in [db11g]
    Installed [APEX APS CATALOG CATJAVA CATPROC CONTEXT JAVAVM ORDIM OWM SDO XDB XML XOQ]
Not Installed [DV EM MGW ODM OLS RAC WK]
Parallel SQL Process Count            = 4

------------------------------------------------------
Phases [0-107]         Start Time:[2019_02_27 19:12:15]
------------------------------------------------------
***********   Executing Change Scripts   ***********
Serial   Phase #:0    [db11g] Files:1    Time: 130s
***************   Catalog Core SQL   ***************
Serial   Phase #:1    [db11g] Files:5    Time: 62s
Restart  Phase #:2    [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
***********   Catalog Tables and Views   ***********
Parallel Phase #:3    [db11g] Files:19   Time: 20s
Restart  Phase #:4    [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*************   Catalog Final Scripts   ************
Serial   Phase #:5    [db11g] Files:7    Time: 21s
*****************   Catproc Start   ****************
Serial   Phase #:6    [db11g] Files:1    Time: 18s
*****************   Catproc Types   ****************
Serial   Phase #:7    [db11g] Files:2    Time: 11s
Restart  Phase #:8    [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
****************   Catproc Tables   ****************
Parallel Phase #:9    [db11g] Files:67   Time: 29s
Restart  Phase #:10   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*************   Catproc Package Specs   ************
Serial   Phase #:11   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 83s
Restart  Phase #:12   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 2s
**************   Catproc Procedures   **************
Parallel Phase #:13   [db11g] Files:94   Time: 12s
Restart  Phase #:14   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:15   [db11g] Files:120  Time: 25s
Restart  Phase #:16   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:17   [db11g] Files:22   Time: 3s
Restart  Phase #:18   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*****************   Catproc Views   ****************
Parallel Phase #:19   [db11g] Files:32   Time: 21s
Restart  Phase #:20   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Serial   Phase #:21   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 12s
Restart  Phase #:22   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:23   [db11g] Files:25   Time: 132s
Restart  Phase #:24   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:25   [db11g] Files:12   Time: 78s
Restart  Phase #:26   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:27   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:28   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 4s
Serial   Phase #:29   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Restart  Phase #:30   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
***************   Catproc CDB Views   **************
Serial   Phase #:31   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Restart  Phase #:32   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:34   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*****************   Catproc PLBs   *****************
Serial   Phase #:35   [db11g] Files:293  Time: 25s
Serial   Phase #:36   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Restart  Phase #:37   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:38   [db11g] Files:6    Time: 5s
Restart  Phase #:39   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
***************   Catproc DataPump   ***************
Serial   Phase #:40   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 55s
Restart  Phase #:41   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
******************   Catproc SQL   *****************
Parallel Phase #:42   [db11g] Files:13   Time: 83s
Restart  Phase #:43   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Parallel Phase #:44   [db11g] Files:11   Time: 8s
Restart  Phase #:45   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Parallel Phase #:46   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 1s
Restart  Phase #:47   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*************   Final Catproc scripts   ************
Serial   Phase #:48   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 9s
Restart  Phase #:49   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
**************   Final RDBMS scripts   *************
Serial   Phase #:50   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 24s
************   Upgrade Component Start   ***********
Serial   Phase #:51   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Restart  Phase #:52   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
**********   Upgrading Java and non-Java   *********
Serial   Phase #:53   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 521s
*****************   Upgrading XDB   ****************
Restart  Phase #:54   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:56   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 32s
Serial   Phase #:57   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 3s
Parallel Phase #:58   [db11g] Files:10   Time: 1s
Parallel Phase #:59   [db11g] Files:25   Time: 4s
Serial   Phase #:60   [db11g] Files:4    Time: 7s
Serial   Phase #:61   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:62   [db11g] Files:32   Time: 3s
Serial   Phase #:63   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:64   [db11g] Files:6    Time: 5s
Serial   Phase #:65   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 29s
Serial   Phase #:66   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 84s
****************   Upgrading ORDIM   ***************
Restart  Phase #:67   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:69   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Parallel Phase #:70   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 42s
Restart  Phase #:71   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:72   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 1s
Serial   Phase #:73   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 1s
*****************   Upgrading SDO   ****************
Restart  Phase #:74   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:76   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 69s
Serial   Phase #:77   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 2s
Restart  Phase #:78   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:79   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 20s
Restart  Phase #:80   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:81   [db11g] Files:3    Time: 80s
Restart  Phase #:82   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Serial   Phase #:83   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 5s
Restart  Phase #:84   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:85   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 10s
Restart  Phase #:86   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Parallel Phase #:87   [db11g] Files:4    Time: 99s
Restart  Phase #:88   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:89   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Restart  Phase #:90   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:91   [db11g] Files:2    Time: 8s
Restart  Phase #:92   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
Serial   Phase #:93   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Restart  Phase #:94   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
*******   Upgrading ODM, WK, EXF, RUL, XOQ   *******
Serial   Phase #:95   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 37s
Restart  Phase #:96   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
***********   Final Component scripts    ***********
Serial   Phase #:97   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
*************   Final Upgrade scripts   ************
Serial   Phase #:98   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 26s
*******************   Migration   ******************
Serial   Phase #:99   [db11g] Files:1    Time: 68s
***   End PDB Application Upgrade Pre-Shutdown   ***
Serial   Phase #:100  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:101  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:102  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 140s
*****************   Post Upgrade   *****************
Serial   Phase #:103  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 45s
****************   Summary report   ****************
Serial   Phase #:104  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 1s
***   End PDB Application Upgrade Post-Shutdown   **
Serial   Phase #:105  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:106  [db11g] Files:1    Time: 0s
Serial   Phase #:107  [db11g] Files:1     Time: 75s

------------------------------------------------------
Phases [0-107]         End Time:[2019_02_27 19:50:36]
------------------------------------------------------

Grand Total Time: 2303s

 LOG FILES: (/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213/catupgrd*.log)

Upgrade Summary Report Located in:
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/db11g/upgrade20190227131213/upg_summary.log

Grand Total Upgrade Time:    [0d:0h:38m:23s]
$

The database is shutdown at the end of the upgrade process, so you need to start it before moving on to the post-upgrade actions.

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
startup
exit;
EOF

Perform Post-Upgrade Actions

The output from the "preupgrade.jar" lists a number of post-upgrade recommendations. Some must be manually applied. Others are incorporated into the "postupgrade_fixups.sql" script. In the following example we run all the manual operations as well as the "postupgrade_fixups.sql" script.

# 11) Time zone file.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

-- Check current settings.
SELECT * FROM v$timezone_file;

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP UPGRADE;

-- Begin upgrade to the latest version.
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
  l_tz_version PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
  l_tz_version := DBMS_DST.get_latest_timezone_version;

  DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('l_tz_version=' || l_tz_version);
  DBMS_DST.begin_upgrade(l_tz_version);
END;
/

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;

-- Do the upgrade.
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
  l_failures   PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
  DBMS_DST.upgrade_database(l_failures);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.upgrade_database : l_failures=' || l_failures);
  DBMS_DST.end_upgrade(l_failures);
  DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('DBMS_DST.end_upgrade : l_failures=' || l_failures);
END;
/

-- Check new settings.
SELECT * FROM v$timezone_file;

COLUMN property_name FORMAT A30
COLUMN property_value FORMAT A20

SELECT property_name, property_value
FROM   database_properties
WHERE  property_name LIKE 'DST_%'
ORDER BY property_name;

exit;
EOF

# 12) Ignored
# 13) AUTOFIXUP

# 14) Gather fixed object stats.
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
EXECUTE DBMS_STATS.GATHER_FIXED_OBJECTS_STATS;
exit;
EOF

# AUTOFIXUP
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
@/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/db11g/preupgrade/postupgrade_fixups.sql
exit;
EOF

Assuming you didn't hit any problems along the way, your database is upgraded and ready to go now. The following steps are only necessary if you want to convert the non-CDB instance to a pluggable database (PDB).

Create New Container Database (CDB)

There are a number of considerations when creating a container database, but for this example we will keep it simple. The command below creates a new container database (CDB) with no user-defined pluggable databases (PDBs).

# Create new instance.
export SYS_PASSWORD=SysPassword1
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1

dbca -silent -createDatabase                                                    \
     -templateName General_Purpose.dbc                                          \
     -gdbname ${ORACLE_SID} -sid ${ORACLE_SID} -responseFile NO_VALUE           \
     -characterSet AL32UTF8                                                     \
     -sysPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD}                                               \
     -systemPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD}                                            \
     -createAsContainerDatabase true                                            \
     -numberOfPDBs 0                                                            \
     -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE                                                 \
     -memoryMgmtType auto_sga                                                   \
     -totalMemory 2000                                                          \
     -storageType FS                                                            \
     -datafileDestination "/u02/oradata/"                                       \
     -redoLogFileSize 500                                                       \
     -emConfiguration NONE                                                      \
     -ignorePreReqs

For a proper conversion we would have to make sure the CDB had all necessary configuration in place, including options and initialisation parameters. We will ignore the rest of the instance setup to keep it simple.

Convert Non-CDB to PDB

Describe the non-CDB instance and turn it off.

export ORACLE_SID=db11g
sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP OPEN READ ONLY;

BEGIN
  DBMS_PDB.DESCRIBE(
    pdb_descr_file => '/u01/software/db11g.xml');
END;
/

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

exit;
EOF

Create a PDB using description of the non-CDB, moving the datafiles into the new location, remembering to run the "noncdb_to_pdb.sql" to clean up before opening the pluggable database.

export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
mkdir -p /u02/oradata/CDB1/pdb1/

sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF

CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 USING '/u01/software/db11g.xml'
  MOVE
  FILE_NAME_CONVERT = ('/u02/oradata/db11g/', '/u02/oradata/CDB1/pdb1/');

ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=pdb1;

@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/noncdb_to_pdb.sql

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE SAVE STATE;

exit;
EOF

Final Steps

We need to clean up the remains of the non-CDB instance. We can use the DBCA to do this.

dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB db11g -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword ${SYS_PASSWORD}

We can delete any remaining files.

rm /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/dbs/*db11g*
rm /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/dbs/*db11g*

rm -Rf $ORACLE_BASE/admin/db11g
rm -Rf /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/db11g
rm -Rf /u02/oradata/db11g

Edit the "/etc/oratab" file as required.

If you are using APEX or ORDS, you probably want to validate them (validate APEXvalidate ORDS).

For more information see:

Hope this helps. Regards Tim...

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